action

Bhava, Vibhavas, Anubhvas, Vyabhichari bhava

Bhava is again compounded of there states. there is the sthayibhava or permanent or established states of the character portrayed. this permanent emotion however is expressed through Vibhavas, anubhavas and sanchari  or Vyabhichari bhavas.

                                            Vibhavas are causes of the emotion or that which is essential to portray a state. They are alambana, the hero and heroine, and uddipana, the objects that excite the emotion such as qualities (gunas), actions (cheshtas) decorations (alankara) and environment (tatastha).

                                                                             Anubhavas are indications of a feeling showing physical actions to register the emotion portrayed.

                                      Vyabhichari bhavas are the transient moods in contrast and leading to the established state of what is known as the sthayibhava.

H.M.L.P.Herath

A/11/238

drama

      ABHINAYA

The  Technique of Expression and  its Four Varieties

Abhinaya literally means the representation or expression of a certain theme from the sanskrit abhi-to or towards - with the root ni-to lead. Ashinaya is the art of expression. Bharata explains Abhinaya as exhibiting the meaning of that which is depicted.

                                  Abhinaya has four aspects namely Angika, Vachika, Aharya and Sattvika. Angika is the lanquage of expression through the medium of the body (sharira), the face (mukha) and movement (cheshta). Vachikais the expression through words, literature and drama; Aharya, the expression through decoration such as make-up, jewellery and costumes; Sattvika, the expression through acting the different states of the mind

H.M.L.P.Herath
A/11/238

THERAPEUTIC THEATER

DEFINITION OF THERAPEUTI TEATER

In reviewing the concept and practice of the therapeutic theater ,we will be looking at 4 curial question. What is the valid definition for this method? What and who's practice of the method truly be longs to this domain? How and why is therapeutic theater, therapeutic? And ,how can we measure is therapeutic effectiveness?

To begin with ,then , what is a proper definition for therapeutic theater? Drama therapist Susana Pendezik, in her dissection for the transcendental aspects of performance, provide a good ,succinct definition: "This approach involves the therapeutic development of a play and its presentation in front of an audience"(1988,p, 88).Going away back to the Enlightenments period of "Moral Treatment "in mental health ,we find and even more particularized definition of :...."the therapeutic theater in which the employees of the institution will lay varies roles, and where the patients will also be given parts in accordance with their specific conditions "(Real in Ellenberger,1970.p.212)

 

 

 

K.A.H kanchana

A/11/324

Commedia dell' arte the theatres of the fairgrounds

Theatres of various sorts and sizes have operated in fairgrounds across Europe (and beyond)from very early times. In Russia, skomorokhi, travelling entertainers, were famous for music-making and ballad singing, clowning, tumbling, showing puppets, and dancing. The best - known European popular entertainment of this sort was probably provided by the commedia dell' arte, a from of theatre presented by itinerant Italian troupes in fairgrounds, market-places, tavern yards and village greens, from about 1550 onwards. Commedia dell' arte actors played stock characters (Harlequin, Pantalone, Pierrot, etc.) in masks and recognisable costumes, and improvised their performances from pre-conceived scenarios often based on popular tales. Performances usually included plenty of songs, spectacular tumbling, rope-walking, juggling, etc, and were filled with stage tricks (known as lazzi) . 

                                                                                       Later, commedia dell' arte was accepted in higher social circles across Europe, including Russia.. by the middle of the eighteenth century commedia dramas began to be scripted, notably in the work of Carlo Goldoni (1707-98), though a movement to restore improvisation to commedia , led by Carlo Gozzi (1720-1806), met with some success. But commedia's day was really over, and by 1800 it was virtually dead.

H.M.L.P.Herath

A/11/238

drama

                     Anton Chekhov 

Chekhov was born on January 1860 in Taganrog, a busy port on the Azov Sea , near Rostov. One of six children, his parents were quarrelsome, and his father tyrannical and improvident. Chekhov himself, though , grew up lively and amusing, as well as observant and intelligent, with a strong sense of responsibility towards others,particularly his family. his parents moved to Moscow, but he stayed in Taganrog to complete his schooling, following them only in 1879 to train to be a doctor. even as a student he supported his family working long hours on medicine and spending much of the night writing little stories , squibs, joke satires and even short stage farces, all of which hi sold for whatever he could get .

                By the middle 1880s, he was practising as a doctor, and writing stories notable for their compassion and clarity. he was regarded as perhaps second only to Tolstoy among living Russian writers. his first performed full-length play , Ivanov , was successfully premiered at the Korash Theatre , Moscow , in 1887, but his next , The Seagull, first performed at the Alexandrinsky  Theatre  in St Petersburg in 1896, was much less successful , and Chekhov swore to write no more plays. But in 1898 Vladimir Nemirovich-Denchenko persuaded him to let the new Moscow Art Theatre attempt The Seagull , and the production was a triumph. He returned to writing plays, and  Stanislavsky and the Art Theatre were responsible for the premieres of his later plays-Uncle Vanya (1899) , Three Sisters (1901), and The Cherry Orchard (1904). These are works of great subtlety and resonance , and were all well received when first performed , even though Chekhov disliked what he regarded as Stanislavsky's lugubrious style:to him , these plays were ironic comedies .  

                                                                                      From at least the early 1890s Chekhov suffered from tuberculosis . By 1904 he dying.That summer he went to Badenweiler, by the Black Forest, with his wife, the Art Teatre actress Olaga Knipper. On the night of 1-2 July, he awoke,shared a drink of champagne with her, and died.

H.M.L.P.Herath

A/11/238

dance

PERFORMANCE

PROFOMANCE IS THE FINAL STEP IN THE CHOREOGRAPHAIC PROCESS

    Once the dance is formulated and rehearsed, it will be showm, as the purpose of dancer is to sharit with others.Granted, their is tremendous self-satisfaction in crating choreography,but dance is by nature a performing art and fulfills it is tuue fountion only when presented before people.Certain ly byou may dance used for your own enjoyment, but ultimately you will perfarm,whether it be for your own classmates, for your instructor,or for a thereter oudience.To these people you have cortain responsibilities both as adancer and as a choreography.ou are dealing with art,and this automatically means that your standerds are high.They should be no defferent from those of the professional-to present the best bwork of wich you capble.

   One can say that adance is aseries of transaction. The series begins with the experienced or imagined feeling of the  choreography.It is felled as a kind of restless excitement until giving aplan of motion.This vision given substance and visual existience by the dancer.It is the dancer wich is the link between the choreography and the dancer,and between the dancer and the audience.And the audince,of course,is the final like in the chain

                                       

by K.A.H Kanchana

A/11/324

samuel beckett

Samuel Barclay Beckett (13 April 1906 – 22 December 1989) was an Irish avant-garde novelist, playwright, theatre director, and poet, who lived in Paris for most of his adult life and wrote in both English and French. He is widely regarded as among the most influential writers of the 20th century.

Beckett's work offers a bleak, tragicomic outlook on human existence, often coupled with black comedy and gallows humour, and became increasingly minimalist in his later career. He is considered one of the last modernist writers, and one of the key figures in what Martin Esslin called the "Theatre of the Absurd."

Beckett was awarded the 1969 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his writing, which—in new forms for the novel and drama—in the destitution of modern man acquires its elevation. He was elected Saoi of Aosdána in 1984.

C.M Tharindu bandara